In the summer, we often hear a lot about sunscreen and the dangers of sunburn, but we talk less about moles, even though they play a crucial role in the early detection and prevention of skin cancer. Let's take a look at what you need to know about them.
What exactly are moles?
Moles (medically known as nevi) are benign pigmented lesions that appear on the skin and are usually darker in color than the surrounding skin. They are caused by pigment cells, or melanocytes, which accumulate in a specific area of the skin. Moles may be present at birth (congenital moles), but most develop during a person's lifetime, primarily in childhood and adolescence.
Some are flat, while others protrude from the skin's surface; they can vary in color and size.
- The most common are dark brown, well-defined spots on the skin.
- There are also “halo” moles, which are dark in the center with a light, pigment-free area around them.
- Red moles (also known as angiomas or “strawberry marks”) appear as small red dots, often on the face or upper trunk.
- A rarer but also benign lesion is the blue mole, which is a few millimeters in size with a smooth surface and a bluish hue caused by pigment in the deeper layers of the skin.
Why should you pay attention to them?
The vast majority of moles are harmless, but in some cases, they can develop into malignant tumors. Melanoma is one of the most dangerous types of skin cancer because it spreads quickly, but it can be cured if detected early.
Exposure to UV radiation in summer is one of the most significant risk factors for skin cancer, especially if the skin is frequently sunburned. This is because UV radiation can cause DNA damage in skin cells, which increases the risk of cancerous changes in the long term.
How to protect your skin when sunbathing?
- Avoid direct sunlight between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. This is when UV radiation is at its strongest.
- Use a high SPF sunscreen (at least SPF 30, but preferably SPF 50) and reapply it frequently, especially after swimming or sweating.
- Wear a hat, sunglasses, and light, loose-fitting clothing that covers your skin whenever possible.
- Do not use tanning beds. Artificial UV radiation is just as harmful as sunlight, if not more so.
- Keep an eye on your moles. If a mole starts to change—for example, it grows, changes color or shape, itches, or bleeds—see a dermatologist immediately.
When is a dermatological mole check recommended?
Everyone should have a mole check at least once a year, especially if
- you have many (more than 50) moles on your body,
- you have fair skin and burn easily,
- you have a family history of melanoma,
- you notice any changes in an existing mole.
Modern dermatoscopic examinations are painless, quick, and can often save lives – it is no exaggeration to say that prevention is key here.
Enjoy the summer, nature, and sunshine – but don't forget to protect your skin and regularly check your moles.
Book an appointment with our dermatologists online or by calling +36 1 392 0505!
